【Reduction】常见缩约形式【Common Reduced Forms】
缩约在日常会话中相当普遍，书写缩约常常出现在广告、歌词、书信当中，从中可反映出口语的疏散性和不规则性，它们都不能称之为真正的标准书面英语。
【Reductions are common in narural speech.Written reduced forms in advertisements,songs,personal writing,reflect natural spoken language.They are not standard written English.】
Written Form
only in :
advertisement,songs,personal
writing to friend & family
gotta
hafta
hasta
oughta
wanna
wannabe
gonna
kinda
kindsa
lotta
lotsa
gimme
lemme
coulda
shoulda
woulda
mighta
musta
getcha
gotcha
betcha
doncha
Standard Written Form
got to
have to
has to
ought to
want to
want to be
going to
kind of
kinds of
lot of
lots of
give me
let me
could have
should have
would have
might have
must have
get you
got you
bet you
don’t you
上面我们说到简约式是不规则、不正式的书面英语，它们的拼写与标准书面英语拼写有比较明显的区别。 然而，我们不难从上面的录音听出，它们在发音上与字典所注的音也有明显的区别，这就是英语口语中的变音，它们常常出现在非正式的口语会话中。下面列出了美国口语中最常见的变音模式，让你进一步了解变音，使你能够在交流中披荆斩棘顺利地和老外沟通。
1. Gonna＝going to
Gonna表示“去”、“打算”、
如：A: What are you gonna do this afternoon?
今天下午干什么？
B: I'm gonna play football.
我去踢球。
I'm gonna go home.
我打算回家。
2.Wanna = want to or want a
Wanna 表示“想要”
如：A: You wanna ask her to see a moive?
你想叫她去看电影吗？
A: You wanna dance tonight?
今晚去跳舞吗？
B: No, I 've gotta stay at home doing my exercises.
不，我必须留在家里做练习。
B: No, I wanna take care of my little sister.
不，我要照顾我的妹妹。
3. Gotta = got to
Gotta意思是“必须”、“不得不”，前面通常和"have" 或者 "has" 连用，也有不和"have " 或者 " has"的，但意思并没什么区别。
如：A: Are you free tonight?
今晚有空吗？
B: I've gotta study tonight.
我今晚必须学习。
A: Why she came back so late ?
她为什么这么晚回来？
B: She had gotta work overtime.
她需要加班。
4.yer = you
把you 说成yer 是英美国家口语中一个非常典型的变音形式。
如： A. Would yer do me a favor?
能帮个忙吗？
B. My pleasurre .
我很乐意。
A. How are you ?
你好吗？
B. Fine! thanks and yer?
很好！谢谢，你呢？
A. I hope to see yer again.
希望能够再见到你。
B. See yer!
再见！
美式重音
【 American Stress 】
A. 双音节名词和形容词
【2-Syllable Nouns & Adjectives】
百分之九十的名词和形容词重音在第一个音节，百分之六十的动词重音在第二个音节。
【90% of nouns & adjuctives are stressed on the first syllable. 60% of verbs are stressed on the second syllable.】
下表中列出的名词和形容词在书写上是一致的，只是发音时重音所在的位置不同。
【The follwing mouns & verbs are written the same,the only difference is in the stress。】
Nouns
Verbs
the addict
the conduct
the confilct
the convict
the insult
the object
the permit
the present
the produce
the progress
the project
the record
the subject
the suspect
to addict
to conduct
to confilct
to convict
to insult
to object
to permit
to present
to produce
to progress
to project
to record
to subject
to suspect
跟读美国语音练习
【Practice by following the sounds On the tape】
下列句子中，有下划线的单词分别是名词和动词。
【In th following sentences,mark the underlined words: noun or verb】
1. The farm was used to produce produce.
2. The dump was so full that it had to refuse more refuse.
3. The soldier decided to desert in the desert.
4. This was a good time to present present.
5. I don't object to the object.
6. I had to subject the subject to a series of tests.
7. The drug addict was addicted.
8. His conduct was awful. We hope he'll conduct himself better in future.
9. They signed a two-year contract.They contracted to do 3 jobs.
10. The convict was finally caught and convicted.
11. There was nothing in the desert. it was deserted
12. He projected that it would take him 2 years to finish his project.
13. He recorded his new record last week.
14. The rebels rebelled against the government .
15. They were insulted by the man's insult.
B.在多音节单词里,重音往往落在最后一个音节里.
【On words of more syllables,stress usually falls on the syllable immediately before the ending.】
-cial
artificial
commercial
financial
- cient
ancient
efficient
deficient sufficient
-geous
courageous
advantageous
-cian
mathematician
politician
physician
-tial
essential
presidential
influential
- tion
production
demonstration
definition
C. 重音在单词里位置的改变,可以引起单词词性的改变，从而改变单词在句中的意思,让人产生误解。同样在一个句子里，重音在句中位置的改变也会改变句意，虽然，动词、形容词和副词在句中一般都要重读，但并不是绝对的。重音其实是很随意的，它可以按照说话者的意向，强调的事物来改变重音在句中的位置，重音应用恰当可以达到不同的效果。如以“I like it ”为例,重音在“Ｉ”里，强调是我而不是别人；重音在“like”里，强调动作“喜欢”而不是“憎恨”；重音在“it”，强调具体动作对象；三个单词一起重读，则意为“亏你说得出口！”。下面列出肯定和否定强调在句中的重读位置，这是基本的重音模式,因为是与非,好与坏等的判断句是交流中最常见的句式。
肯定强调
在主要动词
否定强调
一般否定,在主要动词
否定强调
强烈否定,在助动词
I like it.
I want it.
I know her.
She has one.
He bought it.
He had it.
She made it.
I don′t like it.
I don′t want it.
I don′t know her.
She doesn′t have it.
They didn′t buy one.
He didn′t have it.
She didn′t make it.
I don′t like it.
I don′t want it.
I don′t know her.
She doesn′t have it.
They didn′t buy one.
He didn′t have it.
She didn′t make it.
连读
【 Linking 】
A.不定冠词+元音的读法
【Indefinite article + vowel sound】
a + consonant sound
an + vowel sound
the /n/ links to the vowel sound at the beginning of the following words
a beauty
a day
a joke
a night
a room
a hungry dog
a hint
an apple = a napple
an emperor = a nemperor
an hour = a nhour
an old man = a nold man
B.定冠词"the"有两种读法
【The article "the" has two pronunciations】
/J:/ + consonant sound
the beautiful colors
the hand
the queen
the room
the king
the cloth
the city
/J0/ + vowel sound
the apple
the event
the oldest
the owner
the umbrella
C.基本连读模式
【Basic linking pattern】
1. 辅音+元音
【Consonant Sound + Vowel Sound】
a pair of shoes
all of us
get up
wait a minute
how much is it
fist of all
for a while
some of it
hand it over
tell us
sold out
keep it
take part in
she and I
would you like a cup of tea
跟读美国语音练习
【Practice by following the sounds on tape】
辅音结尾 + 元音开头
【word final consonant + vowel】
There's a Hole in My Bucket
水桶的小孔
Liza: Henry! Fetch me some water! (fetch = get)
丽莎：亨利！给我盛点水过来！
Henry: There′s a hole in my bucket, dear Liza, dear Liza.
There′s a hole in my bucket, dear Liza, a hole.
亨利： 亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎，我的水桶穿了一个小孔，
水桶穿了一个小孔，亲爱的丽莎，是一个小孔。
Liza: Well, fix it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
Well fix it, dear Henry, dear Henry, fix it.
丽莎：那么去补好那个小孔吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利。
那么去补好那个小孔吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，把它 补好。
Henry: With what shall I fix it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what shall I fix it, dear Liza, fix it?
亨利： 我拿什么来补好它呢，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎？
我拿什么来补好它呢，亲爱的丽莎，补好它？
Liza: With a straw, dear Henry, dear Henry.
With a straw, dear Henry, dear Henry, with a straw.
丽莎：用稻草吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
用稻草吧，亲爱的亨利，用稻草吧。
Henry: The straw is too long, dear Liza, dear Liza.
The straw is too long, dear Liza, too long.
亨利：稻草太长了，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎，
稻草太长了，亲爱的丽莎，太长了。
Liza: Well, cut it, dear Henry, dear Henry.
Well, cut it, dear Henry, dear Henry, cut it.
丽莎:那么把它剪短吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
那么把它剪短吧，亲爱的亨利，把它剪短。
Henry: With what shall I cut it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what shall I cut it, dear Liza, with what?
亨利： 我拿什么来剪它呢，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎？
我拿什么来剪它呢，亲爱的丽莎，拿什么？
Liza: With a knife, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
With a knife, dear Henry, dear Henry, with a knife.
丽莎：用刀吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
用刀吧，亲爱的亨利，用刀吧。
Henry: The knife is too dull, dear Liza, dear Liza.
The knife is too dull, dear Liza, too dull.
亨利： 刀子太钝了，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎，
刀子太钝了，亲爱的丽莎，太钝了。
Liza: Well, sharpen it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
Well, sharpen it, dear Henry, dear Henry, sharpen it.
丽莎：那么把它磨利吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
那么把它磨利吧，亲爱的亨利，把它磨利。
Henry: With what shall I sharpen it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what shall I sharpen it, dear Liza, sharpen it?
亨利：我拿什么磨利它呢，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎？
我拿什么磨利它呢，亲爱的丽莎，磨利它？
Liza: With a stone, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
With a stone, dear Henry, dear Henry, with a stone.
丽莎： 用石头吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
用石头吧，亲爱的亨利，用石头。
Henry: The stone is too dry, dear Liza, dear Liza.
The stone is too dry, dear Liza, too dry.
亨利：石头太干了，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎。
石头太干了，亲爱的丽莎，太干了。
Liza: Well, wet it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
Well, wet it, dear Henry, dear Henry, wet it.
丽莎: 那么把它弄湿吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
那么把它弄湿吧，亲爱的亨利，弄湿它。
Henry: With what shall I wet it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what.shall I wet it, dear Liza, wet it?
亨利：我拿什么弄湿它呢，亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎？
我拿什么弄湿它呢，亲爱的丽莎，弄湿它？
Liza: With water, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
With water, dear Henry, dear Henry, with water.
丽莎：用水吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
用水吧，亲爱的丽莎，用水。
Henry: In what shall I fetch it, dear Liza, dear Liza? In what shall I fetch it, dear Liza, fetch it?
亨利：我拿什么盛水呢？亲爱的丽莎，亲爱的丽莎。
我盛水呢？亲爱的丽莎，拿什么？
Liza: In a bucket, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry.
In a bucket, dear Henry, dear Henry, in a bucket.
丽莎：用水桶吧，亲爱的亨利，亲爱的亨利，
用水桶吧，亲爱的亨利，用水桶
Henry: There′s a hole in my bucket, dear Liza, dear Liza, There′s a hole in my bucket, dear Liza, a hole.
亨利: 亲爱的丽莎。水桶穿了个小孔，亲爱的丽莎，
水桶穿了个小孔，亲爱的丽莎，是个小孔。
2. 辅音+相同的辅音
【Consonant Sound + Same Consonant Sound】
第一个辅音不发，而直接发第二个辅音。
【Hold the final consonant sound; go right on to the following consonant sound.】
Please stop pushing
She has a black cat
She hit two of the balls
They had a tough fight
Big girl
Go over there
I like kidding
Take care
3. 爆破音 + 爆破音
【 Plosive Sound + Plosive Sound】
一个爆破音后紧跟另一个爆破音，前一个音做出发音的形态，舌头到位，但不送气，这就是我们通常所说的不完全爆破音，后一个音则需完全爆破。注意下面例句的发音且跟读。
【In the case of a Plosive Sound is followed by another Plosive Sound , The former sound is formed by partially stopping the breath,ther latter sound is formed by completely stopping the breath.Pay attention to the pronunciations of the following sentences and follow the tape .】
如：
1. He is a bad boy. 他是个坏男孩。
2. Stop talking. 停止说话。
3. Does it make difference？ 这 有关系吗？
4.爆破音 + 摩擦音或鼻音
【Plosive Sound + Fricative Sound or Nasal Sound】
当爆破音后接摩擦音或鼻音时，有轻微爆破。
【In the case of a plosive Sound is followed by fricative sound or nasal sound,the plosive sound is formed by partially stopping the breath.】
1. I have finished it . 我做完了。
{ plosive Sound + fricative sound }
2. Walk through woods. 林中散步。
{ plosive Sound + fricative sound }
3. I can' t understand what she said.
我不懂她说什么。
{ plosive Sound + fricative sound }
4. I think she is right. 我想她是对的。
{ plosive Sound + fricative sound }
5. Where did you get the beautiful clothes?
这件漂亮的衣服哪里买的？
{ plosive Sound + fricative sound }
6. Good morning,sir. 早上好，先生。
{ plosive Sound + Nasal Sound}
7. Don't stay out so late at night. 晚上早点回来。
{ plosive Sound + fricative sound }& {Plosive Sound + Nasal Sound}
8. It took me a lot of time to get there.
花了我很多时间才到那里。
{Plosive Sound + Nasal Sound}& { plosive Sound + fricative sound }
用心去聆听一首英文歌的旋律，对ESL(English as Secondary Language ) 来说，不如带着一股求知的热情去探讨它的歌词，旋律只是一首歌的外在感情流露，而歌词却具有更深层的内涵。如果我们能够借助一首歌的旋律同时赋予自己的音调唱出歌词的蕴意，把它深层的东西表现地淋漓尽致，这就要看你对歌词的把握了，不懂歌词所云的人，肯定唱不出一首好歌，但是你却可以了，因为你不但知道歌词的意思，而且您已经懂得了词与词之间的连接，你已经能够说得好听，毫无疑问，唱确实比说好听。
" Big Big World"（世界无限） 是Emilia 98 年推出的新专集的一首主打歌，并且很快在世界范围内流行开来。 这首歌节奏抑扬顿挫，唱词清晰、通俗，容易唤起对自我价值的思考，大千世界是不是让你感觉自己的渺小，是忧伤，是无奈、是茫然还是感觉有个无限辽阔的世界在等着你去闯荡，这些感受当然是仁者见仁了。让我们寄思绪于旋律中，注意歌词的连读，跟着录音，尽情地唱出你自己的“无限世界”。
Big Big World
I'm a big girl
In a big big world
It 's not a big big thing if you leave me
But do feel that
I do will miss you much
Miss you much -----
I can see the first leaf falling
It's all yellow and nice
It's so very cold outside
Like the way I'm feel inside
Outside it's now raining
And tears are falling from my eyes
Why did it have to happen
Why did it all have to end
I have your arms around me oooh like fire
But when I open eyes you're gone
I'm a big big girl
In a big big world
It's not a big big thing
If you leave me
But I do feel I will miss you much
Miss you much
我是个大女孩
生活在一个大千世界
如果你离开我
那并没什么大不了
但是我会觉得我将会很思念你, 很思念你
我可以看见第一片落叶
它的颜色金黄而美丽
外面是如此寒冷 正如同我心里的感受
外面正在下雨
眼泪也从我的眼角流下
为什么这一切要发生 为什么这一切要结束
你的双臂环绕着我
似火般的热烈
当我睁开眼 你却不在
我是个大女孩
生活在一个大千世界
如果你离开我
那并没什么大不了
但我的确觉得
我会非常思念你
美语语调
【American Intonation 】
在美国英语中，按照语调的高低可分为四种调级，从低到高依次为：
1.低调 ----- 一般认为是低于正常说话所发出的声调。
2.中调 ----- 不高不低，适中，又叫平调。
3.高调 ----- 由于说话的特别用意如强调等原因发出的高于中调而低于特高调的声调。
4.超高调 ----- 由于兴奋、激动或愤怒所发出的爆发性的声调，一般难以让人接受。
在美国英语口语中,一种句式一般都配有一种固定的调式,所谓调式就是由若干个调级的组合，这些调式在美国长期的语音习惯中大致可分为：
降调型:一般由中调2开始升至高调3，然后降至低调1，即2---3---1调式，这种调式一般用于陈述句、祈使句和特殊疑问句。
如： 陈述句
1.That's good 太好了
2.John is my classmate 约翰是我的同班同学
3.I'm eighteen years old 我十八岁
4.Glad to meet you 很高兴见到你
5.I'm going to Shanghai tomorrow 我明天去上海
祈使句
1. Take a seat, please 请坐
2. Listen to me , please 请听我说
3. Let's go now 我们走吧
4. Don't stay out so late 早点回来
5. Open your mouth 张开嘴
6. Please follow me 请跟着我
7. Please bright me that book 请给我那本书
注: please 在祈使句句末时不重读,调式为2--3--1,当please 出现在句首时则要重读,句子的调试就变为3--2--3--1，如6、7句，但仍为降调型 。
特殊疑问句
1.What's the matter? 出了什么事？
2. How are you? 你好吗？
3. Where are you living? 你住哪？
4. Why are you so late today? 怎么今天迟到了？
5. When should we start? 我们什么时候开始？
注：当句子比较长，且句子中出现至少有两个重读音节时，调式通常为2--3--2--3-1。参照下面句子。
6。How long have you been staying here ？
你在这里呆多久了？
7. How often do you go to moive a month？
你一个月去看几次电影？
8. Why are you standing here and doing nothing?
你为什么站在这里不做事?
升调型: 一般以中调2发起，升至高调3结束，即2--3 调式。这种调式常用于一般疑问句、委婉祈使句、称呼用语。
如：一般疑问句
1. Can I help you? 能为你效劳吗？
2. Are you Mr Lee? 你是李先生吗？
3. Are you kidding？ 你在开玩笑吗？
4. Do you understand？ 你明白吗？
5. Would you do me a favor? 你能帮个忙吗？
6. Can you tell me who is on duty today?
能告诉我今天谁值日吗？
注：当句子较长，出现较多的重音节时，语调常用2--3--2--3调式。如6句。
委婉祈使句
1. Excuse me, sir. Can you do me a favor?
对不起,先生。你能帮个忙吗？
称呼语
Mr Smith, fancy meeting you here.
史密斯先生，真没想到这里遇见你。
注：称呼对方姓氏、职位等用语为称呼语。在本句中 Mr Smith为称呼语，其调式一般为2--3。
平调型: 平调型指在一句子中，语音没有高低的变化，其调式为1--1，一般用于直接引语后面，表示引语是谁说的。
如：
1. " I love you." he tenderly said.
"我爱你" 他深情地说。
2. " Where you come from?" Marry asked.
" 你是哪里人?"玛丽问道。
3. "where did you get the beatiful clothe?" marry said with great interests.
"这件漂亮的衣服哪买的?" 玛丽兴致勃勃地问道。
降调型、升调型和平调型是美国口语中的基本调型。一般的英语单句采用其中的一种或两种调型，而对于较复杂、高级的句子语调一般比较复杂，但不管句子有多高级，有多复杂，其语调无非是由这三种基本调型构成。 所以，学好和掌握这三种基本调型对以后高级、复杂句子语调和语调群的学习将起到事半功倍的学习效果。
反意疑问句的语调
1. Marry is your sister, isn't she ?
玛丽是你姐姐，是吗？
2. You have ever been to America , haven't you?
你曾经去过美国，是吗？
3. You haven't finished your homework, have you ?
你还没有完成家庭作业,是吗?
4．I 'm not wrong , am I?
我没错,是吗?
5. It is wonderful weather , isn't it ?
真是个好天气,不是吗?
6. A lovely day , isn't it ?
多可爱的一天, 不是吗?
注: 在反意疑问句中,前面的陈述句部分的语调和一般陈述句相同,用2--3--1 调型。而疑问部分的语调则有两种情况,当发问人对发问的事情不确定,意在得到对方回答时,必须用升调,即2--3型，如1至 4句。当发问人对某事有把握或比较确信，意在得到对方肯定的回答时,则用降调,即3--1 型,如5,6句。
选择疑问句的语调
1. Which one would you like,the red one or the blue one ?
你喜欢哪个,红色的还是蓝色的?
2. Who you are waiting for , Tom or John?
你在等谁,汤母还是约翰?
3. How are you going, by bike or by bus ?
你怎么去,骑自行车还是坐公共汽车 ?
4. Where do you come from, America or England ?
你来自哪里,美国还是英国 ?
注: 选择疑问句的语调，前一部分，即疑问部分,跟特殊疑问句的语调相同，用2--3--1调型。 后一部，即选择部分, “or”前面的选择一般用升调,即2--3 调型，“or” 后面的选择一般用降调,即2--3--1 调型。
感叹句的语调
1. What a pity ! 真可惜!
2. What a lovely day ! 多么可爱的一天!
3. What a wonderful game! 多么精彩的比赛!
4. What beautiful flowers those are !
那些花多漂亮啊!
5. How smashing the man look with this sunglasses!
那个男人戴着这个墨镜看起来多威风啊!
注:感叹句一般用2--3--1调型,如果句子比较长,重音节较多,可以用2--3--2--3--1调型。如第5句.
语调群: 语调群是两个或多个调式的组合,语调群比较复杂,类型也比较多,但大体上也形成了比较固定的语调群。下面列出一些较常见的类型。
3--1 3--1
1. I ' m terribly sorry,but our manager is engaged right now .
很抱歉, 我们的经理现在很忙。
2. She was doing her homework when I open the door.
当我打开门她正在做作业。
3. I visited my friend yesterday and I came back this morning.
我昨天拜访我的朋友,今天早上回来的。
2--3 3--1
1. I felt so tired after a running .
跑完步后，我感觉太累了。
2. Would you like some tea or a cup of milk first?
先喝点茶还是来杯牛奶?
3. I would have some tea if you don't mind .
如果你不介意的话，我想喝杯茶。
3--1 2--3
1. Which one you like most ,the red one？
你最喜欢哪个，红色的这个吗？
2 . What a lovely day it is！ would you like to go for a walk with me？
多可爱的一天！ 能和我一起散散步吗？
3. I think she is right , in any case.
不管怎么说，我认为她是对的。
美语、英语语音差异对照
美国英语和英国英语由于两国在政治、经济、文化、历史、地理等因素的不同，致使两国在使用英语的过程中自然地产生了多方面的差别，但总地来说两者大同小异。本节主要针对发音方面上的差别对美国英语和英国英语进行比较。
1.字母"a"在美语和英语中的差异
AmE. BrE.
grass
ask
advance
answer
cast
branch
dance
/FT3K/
/3KE/
/:D\H3QK/
/\3QK:/
/E3KC/
/BT3QCM/
/D3QK/
/FT4:K/
/4:KE/
/:D\H4:QK/
/\4:QK:/
/E4:KC/
/BT4:QCM/
/D4:QK/
注：字母“a" 在美国英语中，如果后接-ss,-th,-ff,-f,-n,-s,th时，发／3／音，在英国英语中发/a:/音／,字母组合ar则发作／ar /，但目前，英国人把／a:/音发成／3／也比较普遍。
2.字母"o"在美语和英语中的差异
AmE. BrE.
body
bottle
doctor
bottom
job
monitor
copy
top
dollar
/\B4:D0/
/\B4:CS/
/\D4:EC:/
/\B4:C:P/
/DN4:B/
/\P4:Q0C:/
/\E4:A0/
/C4:A/
/\D4:S:/
/\B5D0/
/\B5CS/
/\D5EC:/
/\B5C:P/
/DN5B/
/\P5Q0C:/
/\E5A0/
/C5A/
/\D5S:/
3.字母"u"在美语和英语中的差异
在重读闭音节里的发音
AmE. BrE.
cut
cup
public
study
duck
touch
/E:C/
/E:A/
/\A:BS0E/
/\KC:D0/
/D:E/
/C:CM/
/E8C/
/E8A/
/\A8BS0E/
/\KC8D0/
/D8E/
/C8CM/
/E:C/
/E:A/
/\A:BS0E/
/\KC:D0/
/D:E/
/C:CM/
/E8C/
/E8A/
/\A8BS0E/
/\KC8D0/
/D8E/
/C8CM/
4."u"/ "ew"在t,d.s,k,n后的发音的差
AmE. BrE.
student
tune
duty
duke
super
produce
knew
/\KC7:D:QC/
/C7:Q/
/\D7:C0/
/D7:E/
/\K7:A:/
/AT:\D7:K/
/Q7:/
/\KCU7:D:QC/
/CU7:Q/
/\DU7:C0/
/DU7:E/
/\KU7:A:/
/AT:\DU7:K/
/QU7:/
异
5.字母"t"在美语和英语中的差异
AmE. BrE.
water
better
dirty
matter
Betty
forty
city
pretty
/\V5:D:/
/\B
/\P3D:/
/B
/\K0D0/
/\AT0D0/
/\V5:C:/
/\B
/\P3C:/
/B
/\K0C0/
/\AT0C0/
注：在美国英语中，如果"t" 出现在两个元音之间，重读音节之后， "t"一般发/d/音。如果"t" 出现在两个元音之间，且处于重读音节，''t" 仍发/t/ 音。
/t/
attack /:\C3E/ attend /:\C
6.字母"r"在美语和英语中的差异
在美国英语中，字母"r"在一个词的任何位置都发/r/音，而在英国英语中一般不发音。从英语转化为美语，同汉语普通话里的 “儿化”动作相似，即卷舌。这一点是美语和英语之间的显著区别，是掌握美式发音的基本要素。
AmE. BrE.
bother
burn
board
farm
airline
brother
/\B5J:T/
/B::TQ/
/B5:TD/
/G4:TP/
/\2:TS>0Q/
/\BT8J:T/
/\B5J:/
/B::Q/
/B5:D/
/G4:P/
/\2:S>0Q/
/\BT8J:/
注：在英语中，只有当字母"r"起连读作用时才发音。如：
1. far away
2. for ever
3. father or elder ancle
4. sister in law
7. /:/ 音在美语和英语中的略音差异
在词根-tory ,-tary中,字母o, a在英语中一般不发音, 而在美语中发 /:/ 音.AmE. BrE.
history
factory
secretary
commentary
victory
monetary
/\O0KC:T0/
/\G3EC:T0/
/\K
/\H0EC:T0/
/\P8Q:]C:T0/
/\O0KCT0/
/\G3ECT0/
/\K
/\H0ECT0/
/\P8Q:CT0/
8.美语和英语中发音显著不同的单词
AmE. BrE.
schedule
tomato
advertisement
fertile
/\KE
/:D\H::C0KP:QC/
/\G::C>0S/
/\M
/3DH::\C>0LP:QC/
/\G::CS/
9.美语和英语中重音不同的单词
AmE. BrE.
address
necessary
dictate
laboratory
garage
/\3DT
/\S3BT:]C5:T0/
/F:\T4:N/
/:\DT
/S:\B5T:CT0/
/\F3T4:N/
注：多音节单词在美国英语中一般有双重音，即，在主重音后面还会出现一个次重音，而在英国英语中，多音节单词只有一个重音。
10.美国英语特有的音素/hw/
比较美语辅音和英语辅音，我们不难发现美语比英语多出一个音素/hw/, /hw/为清辅音，和浊辅音/w/相对。美国人通常把wh读做/hw/,但也有不少美国人读做/w/，这两种读音都是广泛接受的。比较下面单词英美两种读音的区别，习惯/hw/的读音，这是使你的英语具有美国味的必学音素之一。
AmE. BrE.
what
why
which
where
whale
wheel
/OV5C/
/OV>0/
/OV0CM/
/OV2:/
/OV<0S/
/OV0:S/
以上列出的十点是美语和英语在发音上的明显差异，它们易于阐述，浅而易懂，一般也有一定的规律可循，但是，在美语和英语语音中还存在着许多微小的差别，一般不易被人们察觉。 美国英 语的元音饱满，音值也较长； /i/音的舌位在美语中比英语中更前 ；在含有前缀"pre-"和"re-"的词中，常用/i:/取代/i/； look, good 中"oo"的音并不是/u/,有人把它归为第三点，我们认为它应该是发/u /和/:/之间的音。要想真正地说一口标准美国英语，您必须在平时多听，多模仿，多留意美国英语和英国英语之间的差别。
常挂在美国人嘴边的----最酷词语
A thousand times no！ 绝对办不到！
Don't mention it. 没关系,别客气。
Who knows！ 天晓得！
It is not a big deal！ 没什么了不起！
How come ---- 怎么回事,怎么搞的。
Easy does it. 慢慢来。
Don't push me. 别逼我。
Come on! 快点,振作起来!
Have a good of it. 玩得很高兴。
It is urgent. 有急事。
What is the fuss ? 吵什么?
Still up？ 还没睡呀？
It doesn't make any differences. 没关系。
Don't let me down. 别让我失望。
God works. 上帝的安排。
Don't take ill of me. 别生我气。
Hope so . 希望如此。
Go down to business. 言归正传。
None of my business. 不关我的事。
It doesn't work . 不管用。
I' m not going. 我不去了。
Does it surver your purpose ? 对你有用吗？
I don't care . 我不在乎。
Not so bad . 不错。
No way ! 不可能！
Don't flatter me . 过奖了。
Your are welcome. 你太客气。
It is a long story. 一言难尽。
Between us 你知，我知。
Big mouth! 多嘴驴!
Sure thing! 当然!
I'm gonna go. 我这就去。
Never mind. 不要紧。
Can-do . 能人。
Close- up. 特写镜头。
Drop it！ 停止！
Bottle it ! 闭嘴！
Don't play possum! 别装蒜！
Make it up. 不记前嫌。
Watch you mouth . 注意言辞。
Any urgent thing ? 有急事吗？
How about eating out ? 外面吃饭怎样？
Don't over do it. 别太过分了。
Can you dig it. 你搞明白了吗？
I 'm afraid I cann't . 我恐怕不能。
You want a bet ? 你想打赌吗？
What if I go for you ? 我替你去怎么样？
Who wants ? 谁稀罕。
December heartbeat . 黄昏恋。
Follow my nose . 凭直觉做某事。
Cheap skate! 小气鬼！
Go to hell . 去死吧！
Come seat here . 来这边坐。
Good luck! 祝你好运！
Gild the lily . 画蛇添足。
Make it . 达到目的， 获得成功。
I'll be seeing you . 再见。
He has an ax to grind . 他另有企图。
I wander if you can give me lift? 能让我搭一程吗？
It is raining . 要下雨了。
Can I have this . 可以给我这个吗？
I might hear a pin drop. 非常寂静。
Why you are so sure . 怎么这样肯定。
Is that so? 是这样吗？
Don't get loaded . 别喝醉了。
Stay away from him . 别靠近他。
Don't get high hat . 别摆架子。
Right over there . 就在那里。
Doggy bag . 打包袋。
That rings a bell. 听起来耳熟。
Sleeping on both ears. 睡得香。
Play hooky. 矿工，旷课。
I am the one wearing pants in the house .我当家。
It's up in th air. 尚未确定 。
Side dish . 配菜。
I am all ears . 我洗耳恭听。
Get cold feet. 害怕做某事。
Good for you! 好得很!
Go ahead . 继续。
Help me out . 帮帮我。
Let's bag it . 先把它搁一边。
Lose head . 丧失理智。
Talk turkey. 有话直说。
He is the pain on neck. 他真让人讨厌。
Do you have straw? 你有吸管吗？
You bet! 一定，当然!
That is a boy ! 太好了，好极了。
It's up to you . 由你决定。
The line is engaged. 占线。
My hands are full right now. 我现在很忙。
Don't make up a story . 不要捏造事实。
Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 小别胜新婚。
She make a mess of thing . 她把事情搞得一塌糊涂。
Get an eyeful. 看个够。
He has a quick eye. 他的眼睛很锐利。
Shoot the breeze. 闲谈。
Tell me when ! 随时奉陪!
It is a small world！ 真是个小世界！
Not at all . 根本就不。
Let's paly it by ear . 让我们随兴所至。
Wait and see 等着瞧。
Why so blue ? 怎么垂头丧气？
What brought you here ? 什么风把你吹过来？
Hang on ! 抓紧！
Leave me alone. 别理我。
Chin up . 不气馁,振作些。
You never know. 世事难料。
High Jack! 举起手来[抢劫]!
Why did she marry a man old enough to be her father ?
她为什么要嫁给一个可以做她父亲的男人？
I stay at home a lot. 我多半在家。
She'll be along in a few minutes . 他马上会过来。
I'm not in a good mood. 没有心事。
He is a fast talker. 他是个吹牛大王。
I'm bored to death. 我无聊死了。
Bottoms up! 干杯！
Darling! 亲爱的！
Here we are! 我们到了！
I lost my way . 我迷路了。
She is still mad at me . 她还在生我的气。
I'll get even with him one day.我总有一天跟他扯平。
Hit the ceiling. 大发雷霆。
She 's got quite a wad. 他身怀巨款。
I don't have anywhere to be. 没地方可去。
I dying to see you. 我很想见你。
I swere by the god. 我对天发誓。
Nothing tricky. 别耍花招。
You might at lease apologize. 你顶多道个歉就得了。
Price are soaring, if it go on like this ,we shall not be able to keep the pot boiling.
物价直线上升，照这样子，我们锅里可能要没得煮了。
None of your keyhole. 不准偷看。
Come on ,be reasonable. 嗨，你怎么不讲理。
When are you leaving? 你什么时候走？
You don't say so . 未必吧，不至于这样吧。
Don't get me wrong. 别误会我。
Yon don't seem to be quite yourself today.
你今天看起来不太对劲。
Do you have any money on you？你身上带钱了吗？
What is your major？ 你学什么专业？
My girlfriend and I broke off. 我和我的女朋友吹了。
It was something that happens once in the blue moon.
这是千载难逢的事。
It is a deal！ 一言为定！
I'll kick your ass. 我将炒你鱿鱼。
Diner is on me. 晚饭我请。
Say hello to everybody for me.替我向大家问好。
Not precisely ! 不见得,不一定！
That is unfair. 这不公平。
We have no way out . 我们没办法。
That is great! 太棒了！
You are welcome! 别客气！
I hate to be late and keep my date waiting.
我不喜欢迟到而让别人久等。
Would you mind making less noise. 能不能小声点。
It don't take much of your time. 这不花你好多时间。
Not in long run. 从长远来说不是这样的。
It is of high quality. 它质量上乘。
There is nobody by that name working here.
这里没有这个人。
He neight drinks nor smokes. 他既不喝酒也不抽烟。
He pushes his luck. 他太贪心了。
Break the rules. 违反规则。
How big of you ! 你真棒！
Poor thing! 真可怜！
Nuts! 呸;胡说;混蛋!
Blast! 妈的！
Boy ! (表示欣喜,惊奇,兴奋等)哇!好家伙!
Get out of here! 滚出去！
I cann't make both ends meet. 我上月接不到下月,缺钱。
It can be a killer. 这真是个伤脑筋的问题。
Dead end. 死胡同。
Take a seat! 请坐!
Here ye! 说得对!
You ask for it ! 活该!
You don't say ! 真想不到!
Fresh paint! 油漆未干!
Unit Two:
绕口令美语集训
【Tongue twister】
山路十八弯，再多弯我也要走，然而每一个弯过后，便会豁然开朗；每一个“舌龙卷”缠住我们的舌头，都会改变它的韧度，与它折腾一番之后，便会游“舌”有余，体会吐字的轻松与不羁！！
传统的绕口令，经过人们长期的流传，千锤百炼，艺术性也比较强。一般来说，从语言上绕口令并不存在多大意义，从语音上，它们多数是“极端的语音集合”，通常是由一些发音相同、相近、易混淆的音素组合在一起，给人一种佶屈聱牙的感觉，同时也增强了绕口令的节奏感。正因为发音的这一特点，我们实现了用它来锻炼口才，矫正发音的功能。下面是我们在音素的基础上精选的一些绕口令，相信在Tongue Twister 先生的带领下，不管多么拗口的绕口令，也必将是小菜一碟！
Mr.Tongue Twister tried to teach your tongue to twist and turn, and twit an twat。
[\P0KC: C8R \CV0KC: CT>0D C7: C0:CM U7: C8R C7: CV0KC 3QD C::Q 3QD CV0C 3QD CV5C]
Tongue Twister 先生将集中训练你的Tongue,教你的Tongue怎样去“扭”去“翻”去“转” 去“挖苦”那些舌头笨拙的人。
If you understand, say "understand".If you don't understand, say "don't understand".But if you understand and say "don't understand".how do I understand that you understand. Understand!?
[0G U7: ]8QD:\KC3QD K<0 ]8QD:\KC3QD 0G U7: D5QC ]8QD:\KC3QD K<0 D5QC ]8QD:\KC3QD B8C 0G U7: ]8QD:\KC3QD 3QD K<0 D5QC ]8QD:\KC3QD O>7 D7: >0 ]8QD:\KC3QD J3C U7: ]8QD:\KC3QD ]8QD:\KC3QD]
如果你知道就说“知道”，如果你不知道就说“不知道” 如果你知道却说“不知道”，我怎么知道你知道，知道吗？
(是不是让你掉入五里云雾外，颇有点你越说我越糊涂的感觉，试着脱口而出，在你的同学、朋友面前露一手，简单的英文足以让他们丈二和尚摸不着头脑，这就是Tougue Twister先生教你“挖苦”别人的真正所在。)
Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?
[E3Q U7: E3Q : E3Q 3L : \E3Q: E3Q E3Q : E3Q]
你能够像罐头工人一样装罐头吗？
(集中体会夸张的、最具魅力的/ 3 /音素）
I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.
[>0 V0M C7: V0M J: V0M U7: V0M C7: V0M B8C 0G U7: V0M J: V0M J: V0CM \V0M0L >0 V8QC V0M J: V0M U7: V0M C7: V0M]
我希望梦想着你梦想中的梦想，但是如果你梦想着女巫的梦想，我就不想梦想着你梦想中的梦想。
(练习 / M / 音素）
I scream, you scream, we all scream for icecream!
[>0 KET0:P U7: KET0:P V0: 5:S KET0:P G5: \>0KET0:P]
我叫喊，你叫喊，我们喊着都要冰淇淋！
（一石双鸟，短小的句子包含两个发音音素/i:/ & /m/。）
How many cookies could a good cook cook If a good cook could cook cookies? A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies.
[O>7 \P
（集中训练/u:/ & / u/ 音素，同时体会/k/音素和辅音的连读。）
The driver was drunk and drove the doctor's car directly into the deep ditch.
[J: \DT>0H: V5L DT8RE 3QD DT:7H J: \D5EC:L E4: D0\T
（突出强化/DT /&/d/音素）
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
[\A0:C: \A>0A: A0EC : A
[: A
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,
[0G \A0:C: \A>0A: A0EC : A
[V2:L J: A
彼德派柏捏起一撮泡菜。
彼德派柏捏起的是一撮泡菜。
如果彼德派柏捏起一撮泡菜，
那么彼德派柏捏起的泡菜在哪儿？
( 这是我最喜欢、最刺激的句子，先大声朗读几遍，然后试着用一种节奏去操练，看看谁快谁更疯狂，最后再看看你的舌头是不 是圆滑了许多！)
Whether the weather be fine or whether the weather be not.
[\V
['V
[V0:S \V
无论是晴天或是阴天。
无论是冷或是暖。
不管喜欢与否，我们都要经受风霜雨露。
(集中练习/J/音）
I thought a thought.But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought.
[>0 I5:C : I5:C B8C J: I5:C >0 I5:C V5LQC J: I5:C >0 I5:C >0 I5:C]
If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought,I wouldn't have thought so much.
[0G J: I5:C >0 I5:C >0 I5:C O3D B0:Q J: I5:C >0 I5:C >0 V7DQC O3H I5:C K:7 P8CM]
我有一种想法，但是我的这种想法不是我曾经想到的那种想法。如果这种想法是我曾经想到的想法，我就不会想那么多了。
（训练/ I / 音，过一把/ I /隐。）
Twixt six thick thumbs stick six thick sticks.Twixt six thick thumbs stick six thick sticks.Twixt six thick thumbs stick six thick sticks.
[CV0EKC K0EK I0E I8PL KC0E K0EK I0E KC0EK CV0EKC]
特威克斯特六只粗大的拇指夹着六根粗粗的棍子。
（反复三句，深度操练/ s/ 和/ I/ 之间的转换能力，迅速生成发音口型。）
Amist the mists and coldest frosts,
[:\P0KC J: P0KCK 3QD E:7SD0KC GT5KCK]
With barest wrists and stoutest boasts,
[V0J B2:T0KC T0KCK 3QD \KC>7C0KC B:7KCK]
He thrusts his fists against the posts,
[O0: IT8KCK O0L G0KCK :\F
[3QD KC0S 0Q\K0KCK O0: K0:L J: F:7KCK]
雾蒙蒙，冰霜冻，
手腕儿空空，话儿勇，
只见他猛把拳头往柱子上砸，
直说自己把鬼碰。
（注意t,和s 在词末的读法，按照前面讲过的连读模式疯狂朗读句子，相信这样的绕口令对你来说已不是一件难事了。）
A big black bug bit a big black bear. Where's the big black bear the big black bug bit?
[: B0F BS3E B8F B0C : B0F BS3E B2: OV2:L J: B0F BS3E B2: J: B0F BS3E B8F B0C]
一只大黑虫咬了一头大黑熊. 那么这头被大黑虫咬了的大黑熊在哪儿呢？
(把爆破音/b/发漂亮其实很简单!）
Badmin was able to beat Bill at billiards, but Bill always beat Badmin badly at badminton.
[\B3DP0R V5L \<0BS C7: B0:C B0S 3C \B0SU:DL B8C B0S \5:SV<0L B0:C \B3DP0R \B3DS0 3C \B3DP0QC:Q]
巴德明在台球上能够打败比尔，但是打羽毛球比尔常常大败巴德明。
(把爆破音/b/发漂亮其实很简单!）
Betty beat a bit of butter to make a better batter.
[\B
( 细细体会夹在两个元音之间/t/ 音的浊化，然后集中操练，简单的一句话足以改变你过去恶劣的发音习惯！)
Rita repeated what Reardon recited when Reardon read the remarks.
[\T0C4 T0\A0:C0D V5C T0:\D5Q T0\K>0C0D V当里尔登读评论时，丽塔重复里尔登背诵的东西。
（练习/r/ 音：很多英语爱好者难以分辨单词中/r/ 和/ l / 音，在下面我们给出的两个句子中都包含/r/ 和/ l / 音，让你近一步加以区别。）
Few free fruit flies fly from flames.Few free fruit flies fly from flames.
[GU7: GT0: GT7:C GS>0L GS>0 GT5P GS<0PL]
没有几只果蝇从火焰中飞过去。
Fifty-five flags freely flutter from the floating frigate.
[\G0GC0G>0H GS3FL \GT0:S0 \GS8C: GT5P J: \GS:7C0R \GT0F0C]
五十五面旗子在轻轻漂浮的战舰上自由地飘扬。
（在比较中发现发音的灵感是我们在语音学习中追求的方法，直接、鲜明的比较就轻易地把两个发音的区别体现出来，让你一览无遗。）
There is no need to light a night light on a light night like tonight ,for a bright night light is just like a slight light.
[J2: 0L Q:7 Q0:D C7: S>0C : Q>0C S>0C 5Q : S>0C Q>0C S>0E C:\Q>0C G5: : BT>0C Q>0C S>0C 0L DN8KC S>0E : KS>0C S>0C]
像今夜这样明亮的夜晚，就不需要点一盏夜灯，因为明亮的夜灯也会变得微弱。
(练习/>0/ 元音，别忘了读出一个饱满，夸张的元音。）
She sells seashells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure.
[M0: K
（集中训练/s/音素）
A pleasant peasant keeps a pleasant pheasant and both the peasant and the pheasant are having a pleasant time together.
[: \AS
（区分pleasant 、peasant 和pheasant 的发音就是这样的简单）
How many sheets could a sheet slitter slit if a sheet slitter could slit sheets?
[O>7 \P
(体会/i:/& /i/音素）
Ted sent Fred ten hens yesterday so Fred's fresh bread is ready already.
[C
(集中练习/e/音素）
He sent ten men to mend the dent in the engines of the tender.
[O0: K
(集中练习/e/音素）
Mr.See owned a saw and Mr.Soar owned a seesaw. Now See's saw sawed Soar's seesaw before Soar saw See.
[\P0KC: K0: :7QD : K5: 3QD \P0KC: K5: :7QD : \K0:K5: Q>7 K0:K K5: K5:D K5:L \K0:K5: B0\G5: K5: K5: K0:]
西先生有一把锯，萨先生有一个秋千。 现在在萨先生看见西先生之前，西先生的锯锯断了萨先生的秋千。
(集中练习 /5:/ 音素）
If you're keen on stunning kites and cunning stunts, buy a cunning stunning stunt kite.
[0G U7: 4: E0:Q 5Q \KC8Q0R E>0CK 3QD \E8Q0R \KC8QCK B>0 : \E8Q0R \KC8Q0R KC8QC E>0C]
如果你非常想要好的风筝和精彩的表演，就去买一只漂亮的、灵巧的风筝吧。
(集中训练/k/音素）
A Finnish fisher named Fisher failed to fish any fish one Friday afternoon and finally he found out a big fissure in his fishing-net.
[: \G0Q0M \G0M: Q<0PD \G0M: G<0SD C7: G0M \
(反复体会/f/的发音。）
Franc's father is frying French fries for his five fire-fighter friends after they finished a fire-fighting in a factory.
[GT3REK \G4:J: 0L \GT>00R GT
在结束对一家工厂的灭火战斗以后，弗兰克的父亲在为他的五个消防队员朋友炸制法式土豆（炸薯条）。
（此句中包含多个发音口型相似的元音 / 3, e, 8，a:，ai，>0:/，试着一口气统统把它们体现在句子的发音里。 ）
Unit Three:
英美辩听
【Identification Between AmE and BrE 】
最精悍的短文浓缩纯美发音因素，不需过多的语言，一次让你陶醉， 下面的短文分别由我们的美国老师和英国老师为你各朗读一遍，这将是你最好的英美辩听材料，我们的目的在于：
一听就能辨别出哪个是“山姆大叔”，哪个是“约翰牛”！
一说就带有浓厚的美国味！
（再次提醒，练习才是这一步成功的捷径！）
One of the first things you may notice about the USA is the relaxed atmosphere. The American people have developed a lack of reserve, an informality, in their everyday dealings with other people。Americans will look you in the eye when they meet you and shake hands. This direct approach is sometimes thought of as rudeness.
在美国，你首先会注意到的就是那种轻松的气氛。美国人很少保守，他们日常交往中很随便。美国人在第一次见面和握手时会盯着你的眼睛。这种直接的接近方式有时会被当作没礼貌。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
Americans are usually helpful and hospitable. You may often be put in a position of wanting to express your gratitude and appreciation. Perhaps someone has helped you when you were lost, or you enjoyed a stay in an American home. If you had a long visit in a private home, it is considered polite to present the host or hostess with a gift. You can buy greeting cards at the drugstore specifically designed to say "thanks".
美国人乐于助人并很好客。你经常会觉得想表达自己的感激之情。也许当你迷路时，有人帮了你；或者，你在一个美国家庭度过了一段美好时光。如果你在一个家庭住了很久，就应该给这家的男主人或女主人买一件小礼物，这样做被认为是有礼貌的。你可以到杂货铺去买那些专门印有"感谢"字样的贺卡。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
What is language for? Some people seem to think it's for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words-the longer the words the better. That's wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas, for communication.
语言到底是用来干什么的呢？一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和学习一大堆单词而且单词越长越好。这个想法是错误的。语言是用来交换思想，进行交流沟通的！
On December 20, 1995, an air traffic controller with a poor understanding of English misunderstood the captain and gave him confusing instructions（指令） that caused the plane to crash killing 160 people.
1995年12月20日，一名英语理解能力很差的空中交通调度员误解了机长的意思，给机长发出含义不清的指令，导致飞机坠毁，造成一百六十人遇难。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
It was never going to be a fight to turn up late for, but the speed and ease of Lennox Lewis' victory over Francois Botha confirmed the suspicions that this was a total mismatch.
The last time Lewis fought in London he was on the end of a second-round knock-out at the fists of Oliver McCall - this time he handed out the same punishment to his South African opponent.
And as Botha lay sprawling halfway out of the ring you wondered whether the two fighters should have been in it together in the first place.
这场比赛本不应该持续很久，但是刘易斯如此迅速而轻易的结束比赛却使人确信这场比赛的对阵双方的确实力相差悬殊。
上一次刘易斯在伦敦作战的时候，他在第二回合快结束时重拳将对手麦考尔击倒获胜，而这一次他又将相同的命运带给了南非挑战者博萨。
当博萨躺倒在拳台边缘时，人们首先想到的可能是这两个拳手是不是应该在一个场地上交手。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
1.suspicion：n.猜疑, 怀疑
2.mismatch: n.错配, 失谐
3.sprawl: v.四肢伸开的躺卧
John Lennon's homage to his home city of Liverpool - In My Life by The Beatles - has been chosen as the greatest song ever written in a magazine poll.
Another Beatles song, Paul McCartney's 1966 ballad Here, There And Everywhere, was at number four.
Lennon and McCartney's 1960s rivals, Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, figure at number two in the poll with Satisfaction.
Over The Rainbow, sung by Judy Garland in The Wizard of Oz, was third.
甲壳虫乐队的约翰·列侬为家乡利物浦创作的歌曲"生命中"在最近一次杂志投票中当选为最伟大的歌曲。
另外一支甲壳虫乐队的歌曲，保罗·麦卡特尼1966年创作的"这里，那里和所有地方"排在了第四名。
列侬与麦卡特尼六十年代的竞争对手，滚石乐队的米克·贾格与肯斯·理查创作的"满足"在这次投票中名列第二。
第三名是影星朱迪·嘉兰在电影"绿野仙踪"中演唱的"跨越彩虹"。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
1.homage: n.敬意；致敬
2.ballad: n.歌谣；民歌
3.figure: v.出现；扮演
A fund to compensate people forced into slave labour by the Nazi regime during the Second World War has been formally set up at a ceremony in Berlin.
"More than 50 years after the end of World War II, we are making a long-awaited humanitarian gesture to all former Nazi forced labourers," said German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder.
The DM10bn ($5bn) fund, financed equally by the German government and industry, will provide compensation for hundreds of thousands of Jews, eastern Europeans and former prisoners of war.
为了给二战期间被纳粹逼迫服苦役的人进行赔偿,柏林正式建立了一个基金会并举行仪式庆贺。
德国总理施罗德说，"二战结束50多年后，我们向所有前纳粹苦役做出了期待已久的、人道的表示"。
由德国政府和工业界出资建立的100亿马克（50亿美元）的基金会，将对成千上万的犹太人、东欧人和前战犯提供赔偿。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
1.humanitarian: n.博爱主义者,慈善家 a. 博爱的
2.gesture: n.手势，姿势；表示，姿态 vi.(讲话时等)做手势
3.equally: ad.同样地，相同程度地；平等地，均一地
4.compensation: n.补偿，赔偿，赔偿费
Henry Ford (1863-1946) didn't invent the automobile, but he invented the automobile business. When he founded the Ford Motor Co. In 1903, cars were fussy, unreliable, costly novelties. Ford's genius was to make them simple, solid, and inexpensive necessities. In so doing, he built the largest industrial organization of the early 20th century and amassed a personal fortune of $1 billion ($36 billion in today's dollars), but he also placed himself at the forefront of a social renovation that had an immeasurable impact on American life.
亨利·福特（1863-19460）没有发明汽车，而是发明了汽车生意。当他在1903年创建福特汽车公司的时候，汽车是难以伺候、不可信赖、价格昂贵的新奇事物。福特的天才在于使汽车变成简单、可靠、廉价的生活必需品。这样，他不仅建造了20世纪早期最大的工业组织，积聚了10亿（相当于今天的360亿美圆）个人财富，而且使自己处于对美国人民生活具有不可估量影响的一场社会革命的最前线。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
Will the gentlemen of the jury rise and state their verdict? Magic Johnson: "When you talk about beautiful basketball, the way Mr. Naismith drew it up to be played, you're talking about Michael Jordan." Charles Barkley: "The one player I'll accept losing to if I have to lose." Shaquille O'Neal: "I'll tell my grandchildren I got to play against him." Phil Jackson: "He represented our personal flight of fantasy about what great things an individual can do."
让我们听一听这些人是怎么说的吧。"魔术师"约翰逊："当你在谈论篮球的魅力的时候，就像纳史密斯当年将它带到赛场上一样，你就在谈论迈克尔乔丹。"查尔斯巴克利："如果我不得不输球的话，他是唯一的一个能让我输的心服口服的。"沙克奥尼尔："我要告诉我的孙子们，我和他同场竞技过。"菲尔杰克逊："他告诉了我们一个人能够成就多么伟大的事情。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
For one brief moment, he was white America's first black athletic hero, his four gold medals (and three world records) at the 1936 Berlin Olympics both a garland of honor for the U.S.and a mortification to Hitler.To TIME, he was variously the "coffee-colored" Owens, "the world's fastest blackamoor" or the dusky speedster." But to milions of black Americans, he was inspiration and paladin, a sign of things to come.
杰西-欧文斯是美国第一个黑人英雄，虽然这只持续了很短的一段时间。在1936年柏林奥运会上，杰西-欧文斯一举夺得4枚金牌打破3项世界纪录，为美国带来了极大的荣誉，也使希特勒颜面无光。时代杂志称他为 "咖啡"欧文斯、"世界上最快的黑人"或是"卑微的赛手"，但是对于成千上万的美国黑人来说，他的出现标志着新时代的到来。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
President Bill Clinton has announced that the United States and Vietnam have signed a wide-ranging trade deal, a quarter of a century after the end of the Vietnam War.
The historic agreement, reached after four years of negotiations, is expected to encourage more US companies to invest in Vietnam, and help speed-up plans for Vietnam to join the World Trade Organisation.
The deal is also a sign that Vietnam's Communist leadership has decided to embrace reform.
克林顿总统宣布美国和越南签署了一份内容广泛的贸易协议，这是在越南战争结束25年后达成的一份协议。
谈判4年后达成的这一历史性的协议，将鼓励更多的美国公司在越南投资，并加速越南加入世界贸易组织计划的实施。
这一协议也表明越南的共产党政权决定接受改革。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
1. era: n. 时代；年代；阶段；纪元
2. aftermath: n.不幸事件之后果；余波
3. embrace: v./n.拥抱；包含；接受
After Socrates having laid for himself the foundation of a small house, one of the people, no matter who, amongst such passing remarks as usual in these cases, asked, "Why do you, so famed as you are, build so small a house?" " I only wish, " he replied, "I could fill it with real Friends. "
苏格拉底为自己的小屋打好了地基，有个人，且不管他是谁，总之是在类似情况下免不了议论几句的人，问苏格拉底："为什么象您这么有名的人，却只建造这么小的屋子呢?" 苏格拉底回答道："但愿这间小屋坐得满真正的朋友。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
1. Socrates 苏格拉底(469-399BC,古希腊哲学家)
2. lay the foundation 打下基础;打下地基
3. foundation n.基础;地基
4. remark n.评论;注释
5. famed a.著名的;闻名的
6. fill ┉with 装满
7. rare a.罕有的;稀罕的
Charlie Chaplin broke into show business at the age of five because his mother, a music-ball performer, lost her voice during the performance and had to leave the stage, and Charlie went on and sang a well-known song. Halfway through the song a shower of money poured onto the stage. Charlie stopped singing and told the audience he would pick up the money first and then finish the song. The audience laughed. This was the first of millions of millions of laughs in Charlie Chaplin's fabulous career.
查理·卓别林5岁时偶然开始了他的表演生涯。他的母亲是音乐厅演员，演出中坏了嗓子，不得不离开舞台，查理上台唱了一首名曲。唱到一半，雨点般的钱扔到台上。查理停下来，对观众说，他先要拣起钱，然后再把歌唱完。观众都大笑起来。这是卓别林神话般生涯中赢得的几百万次笑声中的第一次。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
fabulous a.难以置信的；传说的
Goethe was once strolling on a narrow path in Weimar. As luck would have it, he met with a critic who was hostile to him. Both of them stopped, staring at each other. Then the critic said: "I will never make way for a fool. "But I will." With that Goethe retreated aside.
有一次，歌德在魏玛的一个公园里的一条小路上散步，碰巧遇到了一位对他怀有敌意的批评家。他们俩都停下来，彼此瞪着眼睛。后来，那个批评家说："我不会给一个笨蛋让路的。" "但是我会。" 歌德说完后，退到了一旁。
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
A heifer saw an Ox hard at work harnessed to a plow, and tormented him with reflections on his unhappy fate in being compelled to labor.
Shortly afterwards, at the harvest festival, the owner released the Ox from his yoke , but bound the heifer with cords and led him away to the altar to be slain in honor of the occasion.
The Ox saw what was being done, and said with a smile to the heifer: "For this you were allowed to live in idleness , and now you are going to be sacrificed."
小母牛看见公牛被套在犁上辛苦地耕作，就说他命苦，被人强迫劳动。她用这种非难的话来折磨公牛。
过了不久，在丰收的节日里，主人把公牛的扼卸了下来，却把小母牛用绳子绑起来，带到祭坛上，准备作为祭品来庆祝节日。
公牛看着所发生的一切，微笑着对小母牛说："正因为如此，你才被允许悠闲地生活，现在，你就要做祭品了。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
1. heifer n.小母牛
2. harness v.给上挽具;套上(马车)
3. plow n.犁
4. torment v.使痛苦;折磨
5. reflection n.非难;责备
6. compel v.强迫
7. festival n.节日;庆祝
8. release v.释放;解开
9. yoke n. 轭,(牛、马等) 轭
10. slay v.杀死
11. in honor of 纪念
12. idleness n.闲散;懒散
On Dec. 6. 1959,while he was visiting Italy, American President Eisenhower called on the Pope, John the twentieth in Vatican to pay his respects. Eisenhower introduced his tour to the Pope. The Pope told him that he could speak French, Bulgarian and Turkish besides his native language Italian. President Eisenhower asked him, "How about English?" The Pope said, "Well, I'm getting on in years and have got too much to do.Nevertheless, I spend one hour learning English every day. " Then Eisenhower asked him again, "How is your English going? "The Pope smiled and answered, "The more I learn the more I realize that saying: "The Pope is never wrong' is not true as far as the pronunciation of English is concerned."
1959年12月6日美国总统艾森豪威尔访问意大利时，专程到梵蒂冈去拜会教皇约翰二十世，艾森豪威尔向教皇介绍了他的旅程，教皇告诉总统说，他除母语意大利语外，还会说法语、保加利亚语和土耳其语，艾森豪威尔问他，"英语怎么样?"教皇说，"哦，我年老了，要做的事太多，尽管这样，我每天还花一个小时学英语。"接着，艾森豪威尔又问，"你的英语学得怎么样了?"教皇笑了笑，回答说，"我越学越认识到，就英语的发音而论，'教皇从来不会错'这句格言是不正确的。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
Once a beautiful and dissolute British actress wrote to propose marriage to Bernard Shaw." She said she did not mind Bernard Shaw's old age and ugliness because he was a genius. And if they could combine the beauty of the woman with the talents of the great man, that would be greatly harmonious. "With your wisdom and my appearance, our children must be perfect."
Bernard Shaw answered, in a letter, that her imagination was splendid, "But, what if the children take my appearance and your wisdom?"
英国有位美貌风流的女演员，曾写信向肖伯纳求婚。她说，因为他是个天才。 她不嫌肖伯纳年迈丑陋。假如能使女人的美貌和超人的天才结合，那该是多么协调啊。"咱们的后代有你的智慧和我的美貌，那一定是十全十美了。"
肖伯纳给她回了一封信说，她的想象很是美妙，"可是，假如生下的孩子外貌象我，而智慧又象你，那又该怎么办呢?"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
1． dissolute a．风流的；放荡的
2． propose marriage 求婚
3． Bernard Shaw 肖伯纳 (1856-1950,英国小说家，剧作家和批评家)
4． genius n．天人;天资
5． harmonious a．协调的；和谐的
6． what if 倘若……将会怎样
7． wisdom n．智慧；才智
At the close of the American Revolutionary War, Dr Franklin, the English ambassador, and the French minister, Vertgennes, were dining together. They agreed that each should offer a toast. The English ambassador began: "George the Third, who, like the sun at noonday, spreads his light and illumines the world."
The French minister followed with: "His Majesty, Louis the Sixteenth, who, like the moon, fills the earth with a soft, benevolent glow. "
Franklin gave the following: " George Washington, General of the armies of the United States, who, like Joshua of old commanded both the sun and the moon to stand still, and both obey."
美国独立战争结束后，富兰克林博士、英国大使和法国公使韦尔热一道进餐。他们一致同意每个人都必须祝酒。英国大使首先说，"我提议为乔治三世干杯，他像正午当空的太阳，以他的光芒照耀着全世界。"
法国公使接着说："我提议为路易十六陛下干杯，他像月亮一样，以柔和慈爱之光普照大地。"
富兰克林说："我提议为美军统帅乔治·华盛顿干杯，他像昔日的约书亚，命令太阳、月亮站住，太阳和月亮都乖乖地听从他的命令。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
注释：
Joshua：[圣经]约书亚，继承摩西(Moses)为以色列民族的领导者。
A young man came to Socrates to say, "I want knowledge. "
"How badly do you want?"
"I must. "
And Socrates took him to the beach and waded out up to their necks and pushed the young man under the water in a ferocious struggle. When they had surfaced, Socrates asked, "What did you want the most？"
"Air. I wanted air!
"When you want knowledge like you wanted air under water, then you will get it."
一位青年来到苏格拉底的跟前说："我需要知识。"
"需要到什么程度?"
"非要不可。"
于是苏格拉底把他带到海滩趟水，水没到脖子时，就使劲地将那青年往水下摁。等他露出水面，苏格拉底问道："你刚才需要什么?"
"空气。需要的是空气!"
"如果你像在水下需要空气一样需要知识时，那么你就一定会获得知识。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
0. Henry occassionally ate in a restaurant that was noted neither for its food nor for its music. When he was asked why he selected this particular restaurant,he replied.
"Because it works two ways: most of the times the food is so bad that I can even stand the music, and the music is so bad that I can even stand the food. "
欧·亨利有时到一家无论饭菜还是音乐都不出名的饭馆去吃饭。有人问他为什么选择这样一个饭馆，他回答说：
"因为这家饭馆有两个好处：饭菜常常是如此之糟，我甚至能忍受那里的音乐 ；而音乐又是如此之坏，我甚至可以忍受那里的饭菜。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
The idea of a "nothing book" is not new.
When Hermann Boerhaave, a Dutch physician and chemist best known for his Elementa chemae, died in 1738, he left behind a sealed book with the title The Onliest and Deepest Secrets of the Medical Arts. The book, still sealed, was auctioned for $20, 000 in gold. When the new owner broke his seal, he found that 99 of the 100 pages were blank. Only the title page bore this handwritten note by the author : " Keep your head cool, your feet warm, and you'll make the best doctor poor. "
"空白的书"的想法不是什么新玩意儿。
以《化学基础》一书闻名的荷兰医生和化学家赫尔曼·布尔哈夫于1738年去世时留下了一本题为《医学艺术唯一的和最深刻的秘密》的封着的书。这本封着的书后来以相当于20，000美元黄金的价格被拍卖。书的新主人打开书的封缄后，发现这本100页的书中 99页都是白纸。只有靡页上有作者手写的一句话："让你的头保持凉爽，双脚保持温暖，你会使最好的医生成为穷光蛋。"
*再听听美国老师怎么读 *
Unit four:
美语之情感进阶
【 Cultivation of Passions for American English】
通过大量美语听力材料去刺激你的耳膜，在你大脑中形成一个稳定的美语概念。在经过了前面的渗透练习后，你应该对美语有了大致的了解，所以本章将侧重于娱乐性，本章分为三部分：‘北京人在纽约’、‘Kidding With You’和‘时代的强音’。体会成功的喜悦，自豪感就来源于此，因为现在美语对你来说真的是“a piece of cake”。
你对美语的感情是不是越来越深了！！
进阶一 北京人在纽约
任何一种语言中的俚语和习语都是语言学习者感到最棘手的问题。中国的成语有着五千年的历史背景，长时间的发展与酝酿使它包含着很深的内涵，反映出了中国人民的智慧，不知使多少生活在中国的“鬼佬”束手无策，然而你知道在美国生活或留学的华人也为此处处碰壁吗？听听下面的录音，看看他们所遭遇的一个个尴尬场面，你就会知道：
Do you have straws
A decade ago when I first went to dine in McDonald's since coming to America, I was so nervous that I forgot the right word to express what I meant, and thus I made a fool of myself.
That day my frierd and I agreed to eat hamburgers . When we, holding our trays, happily sat down, I found there were no straws. I looked around but did not find where the box of straws was. I then got up to make an inquiry . I lined up again. After I waited for a while, the busy attendant glanced at me. Looking at her two big eyeballs on her shiny black face, suddenly my mind was a blank. I was at a loss for words for quite a while and it was not at all easy for me to say, "Do you have pipes ?" She asked loudly with a frown , "What?" I was so anxious that I made gestures . My friend saw me, hurriedly came to help me out of the predicament and said, "Do you have straws?" Aha! It was no wonder that the attendant got puzzled why I asked her for oil pipes.
有吸管吗
十年前，第一次来美国到麦当劳用餐，因紧张过度忘记了如何使用正确的词表达而闹了笑话。
那天，与朋友约好去吃汉堡包。我们高高兴兴地端着各自的盘坐下后，我发现没有吸管，左顾右盼也没瞧见吸管盒在哪儿。于是我起身询问。重新排队等了一会儿，忙碌的店员瞧了我一眼，看着她黑得发亮的脸庞上那两颗大眼珠，顿时，我的脑子一片空白，张口结舌半天好不容易说了一句："Do you have pipes?"她皱着眉头大声问："什么?"我急得用手比划起来。 朋友见状立即前来解围说："Do you have scraws?"(有吸管吗? )哈!难怪店员对我向她要输油管子感到莫明其妙。
注释：
1． McDonald's麦当劳(快餐厅)
2． nervous adj．紧张不安的
3． make a fool of oneself闹笑话
4． hamburger n．汉堡包
5． tray n．托盘
6． straw n．吸管
7． inquiry n．询问；打听
8． Iine up排队
9． eyeball n．眼珠
10．shiny adj．发亮的；闪光的
I1． blank adj．空白的
12．at a loss不知所措
13．pipe n．输油管子
14．frown n．皱眉
15．anxious adj．焦急的
16．gesture n．手势
17．help sb.out of a predicament替……解围
18．predicament n．困境；窘境
I will give you a ring
There was a newcomer in our office, handsome and easy to get along with. One day we had a very nice chat, When I saw the clock on the wall showing that it was soon time for home from work, I said, "Sorry, I have to go home now. "
" That's OK, " he said politely, " I will give you a ring. On hearing that, I was very surprised, thinking, "Americans act too quickly. We have just known each other, and he is going to give me a ring! "
Later on I figured it out that he just wanted to give me a call. I really proffered affection which was not reciprocated.
我会给你打电话
办公室里来了一位新同事，人长得英俊又很容易相处。有一天我们谈得很开心，这时我一看墙上的钟已经快到下班的时间了，便对他说："对不起，我得回家了。" 他很客气地跟我说："That's OK．I will give you a ring."
我一听，吓了一大跳，心想："美国人行动真快呀，我们才刚认识就要送我戒指了!"
后来，我才弄清楚，他只是要给我打电话。这回真是自作多情了。
注 释：
1. proffer v．提供
2. affection n．喜爱；爱
3. reciprocate v．回报；回赠
Doggy bag
When I went to dine in a restaurant with my colleague for the first time, neither of us had a good appetite. As a result, a lot of food was left over. "I want a doggy bag, " she said, "what about you?"I said I had no dogs. Looking at me strangely, she asked the waiter for two "doggy bags" . As I was suspecting whether she was keen on gaining petty advantages, she explained to me that "doggy bag" was a small bag that a restaurant provided so that customers could take home any food they had not finished, and then she gave me one.
打 包 袋
初次与同事出去吃饭，两人的胃口都不大，所以剩下很多食物。她说："I want a doggy bag．What about you？"(我想打包，你呢?)我说我没养狗。
她古怪地看了我一下，就向侍者要了两个"doggy bag"(打包袋)。当我正猜疑她是否爱贪小便宜的时候，她对我解释说，"doggy bag"是餐馆供顾客将吃剩的食物打包带回的袋子，说完给了我一份。
注释：
1． appetite n．食欲；胃口
2． suspect v．怀疑；猜疑
3． keen on喜欢；热衷于
4． gain v．获得；得到
5． petty a．小的；不重要的
6． advantage n．利益；好处
It costs an arm and a leg
太 贵 了
An old American lady told me about her daughter's experience of buying a king-size mattress. She told me that it cost her daughter about 1, 500 to 1, 600 U.S.dollars and also a lot of trouble. In the end, she said with a sigh, "Oh, it costs an arm and a leg! "
I was very surprised and wondered how come buying a mattress could almost take one's life, with one arm and one leg injured and disabled. I asked the old lady very cautiously what had happened to her daughter. She laughed and said, "Honey, I mean that the mattress is very expensive. My daughter is fine. "
Fortunately I made it out , otherwise I would imagine the poor old lady's daughter being a handicapped person without an arm and a leg.
一位美国老 太太向我讲述她女儿最近买特大号床垫的经历。她告诉我说她女儿花了一千五、六百美元，还几经周折。末了，她叹了口气说："oh，it costs an arm and a leg!"
我吓了一跳，怎么买床垫还差一点儿弄出人命来,臂和腿都伤残了?我小心翼翼地问老太太她女儿出了什么事，她笑了起来，说："亲爱的，我的意思是那个 床垫非常贵。我女儿没事。"
多亏我搞清楚了，否则就把那可怜的老太太的女儿想象成缺胳膊少腿的残废人了。
注 释：
1． king-size a.特大的
2． mattress n.床垫
3．sigh n．叹息；叹气
4．how come…?怎么会……?
5．disabled adj．残疾的
6．cautiously adv．小心地；谨慎地
7．make sth out摘清；理解；明白
8．imagine v．想象；设想
9．handicapped adj．残疾的；残废的
Killer 伤脑筋的难题
When I was attending University of Indiana, one day, an American friend of mine told me, "Our Chemical Lab had a killer today. " I was shocked by his news, and asked, "Really? Anyone killed? How many wounded?”
He was equally stunned by what I said. Knowing that I did not understand what he meant, hehastily explained, "No, no! What I mean is that in our Chemical Lab today we had a headache problem. "
Through his explanation, I suddenly saw the light. Usually "killer" means "a person who kills someone; a murderer", but in the pet phrases of college students, it has the meaning of "a nerve-racking, obscure and knotty problem".
Now I have learned a word with a quite different meaning from its original one. I was happy that my good friend did not mind.
我在印第安纳大学就读时，一位美国友人告诉我："Our ChemicaI Lab had a killer today．"我听了惊弄地问道："真的?有没有死人?多少人受伤?" 他听我说也停住了。知道我没懂他的意思，连忙解释说："不是，不是。"我的意思是：今天我们的化学实验室里出了一个伤脑筋的难题。
经他解释，我才恍然大悟：平常"killer的意思是"杀人者；凶手"。但在大学生的口头禅里含有"伤神费解的疑难"之意。
现在，我学到了一个别出心裁的词语用法，幸亏我的好友没有介意。
注 释：
1.attend v．(school)上(学) ；出席
2.stun v．惊偿；目瞪口呆
3.hastily adv．匆忙地；连忙地
4.pet phrase口头禅
5.nerve-racking a.使人精神紧张的
6.obscure adj.费解的；不易看清楚的
7.knotty a.棘手的；困难的
8.original a. 最初的；原先的
Dead end 死胡同
When I first caught sight of the sign "Dead End", I was really startled . Literally it means the road to death. I wondered whether it was "a dragon's pool and a tiger's den---a danger spot", or mines or bombs were laid there and once you made your entrance to it, you are sure to die. Therefore a shocking sign was set up, warning people against getting into the forbidden area without authorization . Later I got to know that the sign "Dead End" tells people that the road is closed at one end, and therefore does not lead anywhere.
初次见到这个"Dead End"标示时,确实被吓了一跳。按字面的意思是死路一条，难道这个地方是什么"龙潭虎穴"，还是埋了地雷炸弹什么的，一旦进入必死无疑，所以立了这么一个骇人的告示牌，警告人们匆擅闯禁地。后来才知道"Dead End"这个标示是告诉人们此路一端无出口，是死胡同。
注 释：
1． catch sight of看见；发现
2． startle v．吓了一跳
3． literally adv．照原文地；照字面本义地
4． a dragon' s pool and a tiger' s den--a danger spot 龙潭虎穴--危险场所
dragon n．龙
den n．兽穴；窝
spot n．地点；场所
5． mine n．地雷
6． make one's entrance进入
entrance n．进入；人口
7． forbidden eara 禁区
forbidden adj.禁止的；不允许的
8． authoxisation n．授权
I am the one wearing pants in the house
我当家
One day we invited our American friends, a couple, to our home. We had a pleasant chat. During the chat, I asked them who in control of their family's finance. My friend's wife answered, " I am the one wearing pants in the house. " Both my wife and I were very confused. We were wondering why she told me that only she wore trousers in her house when I asked who was in charge of the money in their family. A few pointers from my friend made us suddenly see the light.It turned out that what she meant was "I am in charge".
有一次，我们邀请我们的美国朋友夫妇来家中做客，我们聊得很愉快。在聊天中，我问他们在家中谁掌管财务，我朋友的太太回答说："I am the one wearing pants in the house．"我和妻子都很纳闷，心想：我问他们谁管钱，她干嘛回答我说她是家中唯一穿裤子的人。经朋友一指点，我们茅塞顿开。原来这句话的意思是说："I am in charge"(我掌管／我当家)。
注 释：
1. in control of掌管；控制
2. finance n．财务；财政
3. pants n．(P1.)裤子(常用复数)
4. in charge of负责；掌管；主管
5. pointer n．指点；暗示
He is getting away with murder!
他太为所欲为!
When I was working in America, there was an Italian accountant in our office. Relying on his uncle, who was the boss of the company, he usually treated people arrogantly and did his work carelessly. So we all called him "Godfather" in private .
One day he was out and we began to scold him by enumerating his wrongdoings and vent our anger together. Normally we were all forced to keep our resentment to ourselves. One of my colleagues said angrily, "He is getting away with murder!"
I did not understand what the sentence meant, but had heard the word "murder". I felt astonished and asked: "Has he ever killed people before?" Immediately they all burst into laughter .
At last they explained the sentence to me. In fact, it meant he was ordinarily too self-indulgent , and he was a man who did as he pleased.
在美国工作时，办公室有位意大利会计师仗着他叔叔是位大老板，平日待人傲慢，做事马虎，私下大家称他"教父"。
因为大家都只敢怒不敢言，有一天他不在，大家聚在一起以数落他的不是作为发泄。有位同事气愤地说："He is getting away with murder!"(他太为所欲为了!)
我不知这句话的意思，只听到了 "murder"这个词，我惊讶地问："他曾经杀过人吗?"顿时大家笑成一团。
最后他们给我解释了这句话的意思，原来是指他平日自大放纵、是一个随心所欲的人。
注 释：
1． rely on依靠；依赖
2． arrogantly adv．傲慢地；自大地
3． Godather n．教父
4． in private 在私下；非公开地；秘密地
5． scold v．责骂；申斥
6． enumerate v．数；列举
7． wrongdoing n．干坏事：作恶
8． vent v．表达，发泄(情感等)
9． normally adv．正常地；通常
10．resentment n．忿恨；怨恨
11．astonish v．使惊讶
12．burst into laughter突然笑起来
13．ordinarily adv．通常地；一般地
14．self-indulgent adj．放纵自己的
Pass away 去世
It happened when I worked in a state government office after I just graduated from an institute. One day my American colleague Angela asked me whether I had seen Ken , another colleague of mine. She said she had something to talk with him about.
I happened to see Ken pass by my office just a few minutes before. Therefore I replied unthinkingly, "Ken just passed away a few minutes ago. " My utterances immediately made Angela and the other colleagues who were present roar with laughter . I realized I had used the phrase incorrectly and I quickly made corrections and said, "I mean he just passed by".
Fortunately, Ken was not there at that moment, otherwise I would have been in an even more embarrassed situation, for the phrase "pass away" refers to "to die", while "pass by" has the meaning "to go past".
记得在刚从学院毕业进入州政府机关工作的时候，某日，美国同事安吉拉问我有没有看到另一位同事肯，她说她有事找他商谈。
我碰巧在几分钟前看到肯从我办公室前经过，于是我不假思索地回答："Ken just passed away a few minutes ago." 此话一出，立即引来安吉拉和在场同事的哄堂大笑。我意识到自己用错了短语，马上更正道 ："I mean he just passed by"(我的意思是他刚刚经过。)
幸好当时肯不在场，否则场面将会更加的尴尬，因为"pass away"这个短语的意思是指"去世"，而"pass by"才是"经过"的意思。
注 释：
1. Angela n．安吉拉(人名)
2. Ken n．肯(人名)
3. utterance n．言语；话语
4. roar with laughter放声大笑；哈哈大笑
5. roar v．吼叫；咆哮
6. inconectly adv．不正确地
进阶二 Kidding With You
笑话直接来源于生活，是最贴近老百姓的语言，把笑话做为英语的学习材料是最好不过了，因为在捧腹间让我们学到了最真实的英语。
Patient: Doctor I think that I've been bitten by a vampire.
病人：医生我想我被吸血鬼咬了。
Doctor: Take this glass of water.
医生： 喝了这杯水。
Patient: Will it make me better?
病人： 它会使我好起来吗？
Doctor: No, but I'll see if your neck leaks.
医生： 不，但我可以知道你的脖子是不是会漏水。
A man walks into a shop and sees a cute little dog. He asks the shopkeeper, "Does your dog bite?"
一个男人走进一家商店看到一只可爱的小狗，他问店主"你的狗咬人吗？"
The shopkeeper says, "No, my dog does not bite."
店主说道，"不，我的狗不会咬人"
The man tries to pet the dog and the dog bites him.
这个男人试着去抚弄它却被咬了一口。
"Ouch!" He says, "I thought you said your dog does not bite!"
"哎哟!" 他喊道，"你说你的狗不会咬人！"
The shopkeeper replies, "That is not my dog!"
店主回答说"这不是我的狗！"
Man: I could go to the end of the world for you.
男孩：我可为你走到天涯海角。
Woman: Yes, but would you stay there?
女孩：是吗，你会留在那里吗？
Man: I offer you myself.
男孩：我会把我自己捐献给你。
Woman: I am sorry I never accept cheap gifts.
女孩： 很抱歉我从不接受廉价礼物。
Man: I want to share everything with you.
男孩：我想和你分享一切。
Woman: Let's start from your bank account.
女孩：那就从你的银行(活期)账户开始吧。
(专门对付喜欢说甜言蜜语的人)
A: I have the perfect son.
我有个好儿子。
B: Does he smoke?
他吸烟吗？
A: No, he doesn't.
他不吸烟。
B: Does he drink whiskey?
他喝威士忌吗？
A: No, he doesn't.
不，他不喝酒。
B: Does he ever come home late?
他有没有很晚回来过？
A: No, he doesn't.
没有
B: I guess you really do have the perfect son. How old is he?
我想你确实是有个好儿子，他多大了？
A: He will be six months old next Wednesday.
下个星期三他就满六个月了。
Teacher: A noun is the name of a person or thing. Now, who can give me a noun?
First boy: A cow.
Teacher: Very good. Another noun?
Second boy: Another cow.
教师：名词就是一个人或一种物的名称。现在谁能给我举出一个名词？
第一个男孩：一头奶牛。
教师：很好。谁再举一个名词？
第二个男孩：另一头奶牛。
Teacher: Jimmy, what are the three words which pupils use most often at school?
Jimmy: I don't know.
Teacher: Correct.
教师：吉米，学生在学校里经常用的三个字是什么？
吉米：不知道……
教师：很对。
Teacher: When was Rome built?
Tom: At night.
Teacher : Who told you that?
Tom: You did. You said Rome wasn't built in a day.
教师： 罗马是什么时候建成的？
汤姆：夜里。
教师：谁跟你这么说的？
汤姆：是您。您说过罗马不是在一个白天建成的。
Teacher: Can you tell me anything about the great scientists of the 18th century?
Pupil: Yes, sir, I can. They are all dead.
教师：你能告诉我一些有关十八世纪的伟大科学家的事情吗？
学生：我能，先生。他们都死了。
Mother: I left two pieces of cake in the cupboard this morning, Johnny, and now there is only one piece left. Can you explain that?
Johnny: Well, I suppose it was so dark that I didn't notice the other.
妈妈：约翰尼，我今天早上在橱子里放了两块点心。现在就剩下一块了。你能解释一下吗？
约翰尼：哦，我想是因为里面太黑我没看到另外那块。
Statistics 统计
"What are the chances of my recovering? asked the bed - ridden man.
"One hundred percent," the physician reassured him. " Medical records show that nine out of every ten die of the disease you have. Yours is the tenth case I've treated. Others all died. Statistics are statistics. You're bound to get well. "
"我病愈的可能性有多大?"久病不起的病人问道。
"百分之百，"医生宽慰他说，"据医学统计，你这种病每10个人中有9人会丧命。你是我治疗的第十个病例。其他的都死了。统计毕竞是统计， 你一定会好的。
注 释：
1． statistics n．统计
2． chances n．(复)可能性
3． recover v．复原
4． bed-ridden adj．久病不起的
5． reassure vt．使放心
6． you're bound to get well．你一定会好的。
Lonely Ah Seng a Recruit
孤独的新兵阿申
Ah Seng, a recruit, was a bit of a loner. He took to drinking heavily whenever he booked out for the weekend. One weekend, he returned so drunk that he was told to see the Commanding Officer immediately.
"Look Ah Seng, why don't you shape up?" said the CO, who was something of a softie. " There is a real future for you here if you sober up. You could become a corporal, or even a sergeant! Isn't that something to look forward to?"
Ah Seng replied, "Well, Sir, to tell you the truth, that's really not good enough for me because after a few glasses of Tiger, I feel like a colonel! "
新兵阿申是一个有点孤独的人。每当他登记周末外出时就喝得酩酊大醉。有个周末，他回来的时候，喝得太多了，以致于被传立刻去见司令官。
"阿申，看看，你为什么不争气呢?"有点多愁善感的司令官说。"如果你清醒起来的话，能有一个真切的未来。你会成为一名下士，或者甚至是一名中士。这难道不是个盼头吗?"
阿申回答："长官，说实在的，您讲的那些对我而言，确实算不了什么。因为我喝完几杯老虎牌啤酒后，感觉就像一名上校。"
注 释：
1．book v．登记
2．shape up (口)成形；振作起来
3．something of 有点
4．softie= softy n．多愁善感的人
5．sober vi．(up)清醒起来
6．corporal n．下士
7．sergeant n．(美)陆军(或海军陆战队)中士
Law Fee 律师费
A plumber was called to fix a pipe. He arrived, banged on the pipes for 15 minutes, and said to the homeowner, "Well, that'll be $35. "
The homeowner said, "thirty five dollars !! why? that’s $140 per hour!! I am a lawyer and I only make $100 an hour!! " The plumber replied, "Yeah, That's what I got when I was a lawyer."
一位水管工被叫去修一个管子，他到了后，猛击管子有15分钟，然后地对房主说："35美元钱。 "
房主说："35美元!! 每小时就合 I40美元!!我是一名律师，每小时才挣100美元!!"水管工回答："是的，我作律师时也挣那么多。"
注 释：
1. plumber n. 管道工
2. bang v.猛击
Taken for Granted
理所当然
THE SCHOOL HEALTH FORMS had been distributed to the students with an error---the word "Sex" had been spelled with an "o". One mother, filling out the form for her son, wrote in the blank next to "Sox": "Usually
brown."
某学校发给学生的健康调查表里有个错别字--把"性别"的"性"字写成了"袜"字。一位母亲在为她的儿子填写表格时，在"袜别"的那栏填上了："棕色为主。"
[注] 英语中sex（性）与sox（袜）只有一个字母之差。
Logic Reasoning
逻辑推理
A fourth-grade teacher was giving her pupils a lesson in logic."Here is the situation," she said. "a man is standing up in a boat in the middle of a river, fishing. He loses his balance, falls in, and begins splashing and yelling for help. His wife hears the commotion, knows that he can't swim, and runs down to the bank. Why do you think she ran to the bank?" A girl raised her hand and asked, "to draw out all of his savings?"
小学四年级的教师正在给学生们上一堂逻辑课。她举了这么一个例子："有这样一种情况，一个男人在河中心的船上钓鱼，突然失去重心掉进了水里。于是他开始挣扎并喊救命。他的妻子听到了他的喊声，知道他并不会游泳，所以她就 急忙跑向河岸。谁能告诉我这是为什么？"一个女生举手答道，"是不是去取他的存款？"
[注]bank在英语中除了我们平时很熟悉的"银行"之外，还有"河岸"的意思。
Dating for Mother
约 会
When the young waitress in the cafe? in Tom's building started waving hello everyday. Tom was flattered, for she was at least 15 years younger than he. One day she waved and beckoned to Tom again. When Tom strolled over, she asked, "Are you single?"
"Why, yes," Tom replied, smiling at her broadly. "So is my mom," she said. "Would you like to meet her?"
在汤姆工作的大楼里有一个咖啡屋，那儿总有一位小姐每天都和他打招呼。汤姆有些受宠若惊，因为这位小姐看上去至少比他年轻15岁。一天她又对汤姆招手并示意汤姆过去。于是汤姆走了过去。她问道，"您现在是单身吗?"
"对，是单身，"汤姆满脸堆笑的说。 "我母亲也是，"她说，"您愿不愿意见见她？"
A Heavy Sleeper
瞌睡者
The preacher was vexed because a certain member of his congregation always fell asleep during the sermon.
As the man was snoring in the front row one Sunday,the preacher determined he would teach him not to sleep during the sermon. So, in a whisper, he asked the congregation. "All who want to go to heaven，please rise." Everyone got up except the snorer. After whispering "Be seated", the minister shouted at the top of his voice, "All those who want to be with the devil, please rise. " Awaking with a start, the sleepy-head jumped to his feet and saw the preacher standing tall and angry in the pulpit, "Well, sir," he said, "I don't know what we're voting on, but it looks like you and me are the only ones for it."
牧师非常生气，因为总有一个人在他说教时打瞌睡。
一个星期天，正当坐在前排的那个人又在瞌睡时，牧师决定要好好教育他一下，让他不要再在布道时睡觉。于是他低声对信徒们说："想去天堂的人，都请站起来吧。"所有的人都站了起来,当然，除了那个打瞌睡的人。在低声说过请坐后，牧师高声喊道："想去下地狱的人请站起来！"打瞌睡的人被这突然的喊叫声惊醒了，他站了起来。看到牧师高站在教坛上，正生气的看着他。这个人说道："噢，先生，我不知道我们在选什么，但看上去只有你和我是候选人。"
One Engine Left
只剩一个引擎
A 747 was halfway across the Atlantic when the captain got on the loud speaker, "Attention, passengers. We have lost one of our engines, but we can certainly reach London with the three we have left. Unfortunately, we will arrive an hour late as a result."
Shortly thereafter, the passengers heard the captain's voice again, "Guess what, folks. We just lost our third engine, but please be assured we can fly with only one. We will now arrive in London three hour
s late." At this point, one passenger became furious. "For Pete's sake," he shouted, "If we lose another engine, we'll be up here all night!"
一架747客机正在跨越大西洋时，喇叭里传来了机长的声音："旅客们请注意，我们的四个引擎中有一个丢失了。但剩下的三个引擎会把我们带到伦敦的。只是我们要因此晚到一小时。"
过了一会儿，旅客们又听到机长的声音："各位，你们猜怎么啦？我们刚才又掉了第三个引擎。但请你们相信好了。只有一个引擎我们也能飞，但要晚三个小时了。" 正在这时，一位乘客非常气愤地说："看在上帝的份上，如果我们再掉一个引擎，我们就要整夜都呆在天上了。"
The Swimmer 游泳者
The teacher told the class the story of a man who swam a river three times before breakfast. Johnny laughed. "Do you doubt that a good swimmer could do that?" asked the teacher. "No, sir," answered Joh nny, "but I wonder why he did not swim it four times and get back to the side where his clothes were."
老师给同学们讲了一个小故事，说有一个人早饭前要在河里游泳，横渡三趟。 约翰尼笑了。 老师问道："你不相信一个游泳很好的人可以做到这个？" 约翰尼回答说："不是，先生，但我不明白他为什么不游四次，好回到他放衣服的那边。"
To Patch the Hole 补洞
A young man came home from work and found his bride upset. "I feel terrible," she said. "I was pressing your suit and I burned a big hole in the seat of your trousers."
"Forget it," consoled her husband. "Remember that I've got an extra pair of pants for that suit."
"Yes," said the woman, cheering up. "And it's lucky you have. I used them to patch the hole."
补
丈夫下班回到家里，发现自己的新娘心绪烦乱。"我心里太难受了，"她说，"我在给你熨西装时把裤子的臀部烧了个大洞。"
"没事儿，"丈夫安慰她说。"你忘了我这套衣服有两条裤子。"
"是的，"妻子高兴地说，"幸亏你还有一条，我后来就用它来补了这个洞了。"
Pledge 誓约
Grandpa was celebrating his 100th birthday, and everyone was complimenting him on how well he looked.
"I'll tell you the secret," he said. "My wife and I were married seventy-five years ago. On our wedding night we made a pledge that whenever we had a fight, the one who was proved wrong would go out and take a walk. I have been in the open air continuously for the past seventy-five years.
爷爷过一百岁生日，大家都祝贺他，说他看上去很健康。
"我来告诉你们这里的秘密，"他说，"我和妻子结婚七十五年了。在新婚之夜我们订了一个誓约，那就是无论我们什么时候发生争吵，谁被证明是错了的，谁就到外面去散一圈步。我已经在外面一直呆了七十五年了。"
进阶三 时代的强音
“老兵永远不死，他只是淡出军事舞台。”历史辘辘的车轮绝尘而去，然而一代代的历史伟人仅仅是淡出了历史的舞台，他们所留下的声音依旧是时代的强音。让我们重温弥漫在肯尼迪演说厅堂中为国献身的热情，乘着依旧响亮的号角去为我们的国家献身，也带着热情和轻狂的梦想再次走进马丁·路德·金的内心世界。
Ask What You Can Do For Your Country
你能为国家做些什么
by John F kennedy 约翰·肯尼迪
肯尼迪（1917---- 1963），美国第35任总统（1961----1963在任）。任期内渡过了许多危机，特别是古巴危机和柏林危机，取得了缔结禁止核试验条约和成立争取进步同盟等成就。他毕业于哈佛大学，写过畅销书，参加过第二次世界大战。29岁竞选众议员获胜，连任三届。在国会里，他对内重视社会救济和平民福利，对外反对共产主义，支持冷战。1953年进入参议院，对麦卡锡反共运动之盛行并无异议。50年代后期任参议院外交委员会委员，政治观点逐渐左移，在民主党内的声望也逐步提高。1958年他连任参议员，1960年1月以微弱多数击败共和党候选人尼克松，成为美国历史上最年轻的总统，也是第一位信奉天主教的总统，他的进取精神和勤奋作风赢得许多人的称赞。1963年11月，他为争取连任而前往得克萨斯州，力图调和民主党内两派之间的分歧，遇刺身亡。
本演讲是美国历届总统就职演讲中的佳作。1961年1月20日，数万人在白雪皑皑的华盛顿聆听了这次演讲。
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.
同胞们，我们事业的最终成败，掌握在你们、而不是我的手里。从这个国家开始建之日起，每一代美国人都曾经被召唤去为祖国效忠。年轻的美国人响应了要他们服务的号召，他们的忠骨遍埋世界各地。
Now the trumpet summons us again - not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need; not as a call to battle, though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, "rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation," a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.
现在，召唤我们的号角又吹响了---不是号召我们拿起武器，虽然我们需要武器；不是号召我们奔赴战场，虽然我们严阵以待；这号角声号召我们去承受那漫长的黎明前的战斗，年复一年，"在希望中欢欣，在苦难中忍耐"，这是一场反对专制、贫穷、疾病和战争等人类共同敌人的战斗。
注 释：
trumpet:[\CT8PA0C] 号角
twilight:[\CV>0S>0C]黎明；微明
tribulation:[]CT0BU7\S<0M:n ]苦难；磨难
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
我们能否建立一个将东、西、南、北连在一起的伟大的全球性联盟来对抗这些敌人，以确保整个人类有更为丰硕的生活呢？你们愿意加人到这一具有历史意义的行动中去吗？
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility; I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.
在世界的漫长历史上，只有少数几代人能在自由面临极大危险的关头被赋予捍卫自由的任务。在这一重任面前，我不退缩，我欢迎这一重任。我认为，我们中间不会有人愿意同其他民族或另一代人调换位置。我们为这事业付出的精力、信念和献身精神将照耀我们的国家和为国效劳的人，这一火焰发出的光芒将真正普照全世界。
endeavor:[0Q\D
因此，美国同胞们，不要问你的国家能为你做些什么，而是问你自己能为你的国家做些什么。
My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
世界各国的公民们，不要问美国会为你们做些什么，而是问我们一起能为人类自由做些什么。
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.
注 释：
sacrifice:[\K3ET0G>0K] 牺牲;
最后，不管你们是美国公民还是世界公民，请以我们向你们要求的奉献力量与牺牲的崇高标准来要求我们。问心无愧是我们唯一可靠的奖赏，历史将作为我们行为的最后裁判，让我们引导我们所挚爱的祖国奋勇前进。祈求上帝的祝福与帮助，但是我们知道：在此世间，上帝的工作就必定是我们自己的工作。
【金牌句子】都是些众所周知的句子，一些你也有必要知道的至理名言。
1．Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation.
在希望中欢欣，在苦难中忍耐。
2． Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.
不要问你的国家能为你做些什么，而是问你自己能为你的国家做些什么。
3．With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds……
问心无愧是我们唯一可靠的奖赏，历史将作为我们行为的最后裁判……
I Have a Dream
我有一个梦想
Martin Luther King背景：
Martin Luther King (1929-1968)was a famous lawyer and leader of the Campaign of Civil Rights for the Black in the United States. During his lifetime, he was arrested for three times. In 1964 he won the Nobel Prize for Peace. In 1968 he was assasinated by a racist. He was considered as one of the eight most persuasive speakers in this century. In 1963 he led 250,000 demonstrators to Washington, demanding freedom, equality and employment for the black. It was during the demonstration that he delivered this famous speech.
马丁·路德·金（1929-1968年），美国黑人律师，著名黑人民权运动领袖。一生曾三次被捕，1964年获诺贝尔和平奖。1968年被种族主义分子枪杀。他被誉为近百年来八大最具有说服力的演说家之一。1963年他领导25万人向华盛顿进军"大游行"，为黑人争取自由平等和就业机会。马丁·路德·金在游行集会上发表了这篇著名演说。
I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this Nation will rise up, live out the true meaning of its creeds - "We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal."
今天我要对你们说，尽管眼下困难重重，但我依然怀有一个梦。这个梦深深植根于美国梦之中。我梦想有一天，这个国家将会奋起，实现其立国信条的真谛："我们认为这些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。"
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
我梦想有一天，在佐治亚州的红色山岗上，昔日奴隶的儿子能够同昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐，亲如手足。我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州--一个笼罩着非正义和压迫热浪之州，也会改造成为自由和公正的青青绿洲。
I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
我梦想有一天，我的四个子女将生活在一个不是以皮肤的颜色，而是以品格的优劣作为评判标准的国家里。
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day in Alabama, with this vicious racist, with its governor, having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification - one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.
今天我有一个梦想!
我梦想有一天，在阿拉巴马州会有所改变--尽管那儿的种族主义者和州长现在仍滔滔不绝地说什么要对联邦法令提出异议和拒绝执行--但总有一天在阿拉巴马州那里，黑人孩子能够和白人孩子兄弟姐妹般地携手并行。
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted: every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plane, the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.
我梦想有一天，深谷弥合，高山夷平，歧路化坦途，曲径成通衢，上帝的光华再现，普天下生灵共谒。
This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South. With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.
这是我们的希望。这是我将带回南方去的信念。有了这个信念，我们就能从绝望之山开采出希望之石。有了这个信念，我们就能把这个国家的嘈杂刺耳的争吵声，变为充满手足之情的悦耳交响曲。有了这个信念，我们就能一同工作，一同祈祷，一同斗争，一同入狱，一同维护自由，因为我们知道，我们终有一天会获得自由。
This will be the day, this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with a new meaning,
"My country, 'tis of thee,
Sweet land of liberty,
Of thee I sing.
Land where my fathers died,
Land of the pilgrim's pride,
From every mountainside,
Let freedom ring."
到了这一天，上帝的所有孩子都能以新的含义高唱这首歌：
我的祖国，
可爱的自由之邦，
我为您歌唱。
这是祖辈终老的地方，
这是早期移民赖以自豪 的地方，
让自由之声，
响彻每一座山岗。
And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hill tops of New Hampshire.
Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.
Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!
Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!
Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California!
But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!
Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi, from every mountainside.
如果美国要成为伟大的国家，这一点必须实现。因此，让自由之声响彻新罕布什尔州的巍峨高峰！
让自由之声响彻纽约州的崇山峻岭！
让自由之声响彻宾西法尼亚州的阿勒格尼高峰！
让自由之声响彻科罗拉多州冰雪皑皑的洛基山！
让自由之声响彻加利福尼亚州的婀娜群峰！
不，不仅如此；让自由之声响彻佐治亚州的石山！
让自由之声响彻田纳西州的望山！
让自由之声响彻密西西比州的一座座山峰，一个个土丘！响彻每一个山岗！
Let freedom ring, when it happens. When we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of
God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!"
当我们让自由之声轰响，当我们让自由之声响彻每一个大村小庄，每一个州府城镇，我们就能加速这一天的到来。那时，上帝的所有孩子，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，将能携手同唱那首古老的黑人灵歌：“终于自由了！终于自由了！感谢全能的上帝，我们终于自由了！”
注 释：
1.oasis: n. 绿洲
2.vicious: adj. 邪恶的
3.racist: n. 种族主义者
4.interposition: n. 干涉
5.nullification: n. 废除
6.crooked: adj. 弯曲的
7.hew: v. 砍、劈
8.jangling: adj. 刺耳的
9.discord: n. 争吵
10.pilgrim: n. 朝圣者
11.molehill: n. 土堆
12.hamlet: n. 村庄
13.Jew: n. 犹太人
14.Gentile: n. 非犹太人
15.Protestant: n. 新教徒
16.Catholic: n. 天主教徒
17.almighty: adj. 全能的
没有评论:
发表评论